'Our Galactic'

'\nMlechnyy Put i struktura Galaktiki. Uzhe k nachalu nashego veka bylo izvestno, chto te zvezdy, kotoryye nablyudayutsya nevooruzhennym glazom ili v teleskop, obrazuyut v prostranstve splyusnutyy zvezdnyy plow gromadnogo razmera. My nakhodimsya vnutri etogo booka i poetomu vblizi yego ploskosti vidim ochen mnogo dalekikh zvezd. Sovokupnost etikh zvezd slivayetsya dlya nas v svetyashchuyusya polosu Mlechnogo Puti. Ranshe dumali, chto Solntse raspolozheno vblizi tsentra zvezdnoy sistemy Galaktiki, potomu chto yarkost Mlechnogo Puti primerno odinakova vo vsekh napravleniyakh, khotya v nem i sushchestvuyut otdelnyye bol affection yarkiye uchastki. Seychas my znayem, chto svet samoy yarkoy tsentralnoy oblasti Galaktiki silno oslablyayetsya iz-za pogloshcheniya mezhzvezdnoy pylyu. Lish nablyudeniya v infrakrasnykh luchakh, kotoryye ispytyvayut mensh middle pogloshcheniye, pozvolili uvidet naibol centerfield p bulknuyu tsentralnuyu oblast nashey Galaktiki. Ona raspolozhena v sozvezdii Streltsa.\nEta tsentralnaya, naiboleye kompaktnaya oblast Galaktiki nazyvayetsya yeye zvezdnym yadrom. Solntse raspolozheno ochen daleko ot yadra Galaktiki na rasstoyanii 25 30 tys. svetovykh permit (810 kpk) vblizi ploskosti simmetrii zvezdnogo dish antennaa, tolshchina kotorogo sostavlyayet neskolko tysyach svetovykh let. Yadro nakhoditsya v tsentre zvezdnogo, diska Galaktiki.\nChast zvezd nashey Galaktiki ne vkhodit v sostav diska, a obrazuyet sfericheskuyu sostavlyayushchuyu. Eti zvezdy kontsentriruyutsya ne k ploskosti diska, k yadru Galaktiki. harrow i sfericheskaya sostavlyayushchaya osnovnyye elementy struktury nashey Galaktiki. Polnoye chislo zvezd v Galaktike mozhno otsenit tolko oriyentirovochno. Ono sostavlyayet neskolko soten milliardov. Lish neznachitelnaya dolya vsekh etikh zvezd dostupna nablyudeniyam dazhe pri pomoshchi krupneyshikh teleskopov.\nGalaktika eto ogromnyy zvezdnyy ostrov, diametr kotorogo prevyshayet lakh sv. let, obyedinyayushchiy mnogiye mill iardy samykh razlichnykh zvezd. Pomimo zvezd, v Galaktike soderzhitsya mnogo tel nebolshoy plentifulnessy (naprimer, two-dimensionalt) i ochen neodnorodnaya po p plentifulnessnosti mezhzvezdnaya sreda (razrezhennyy gaz, pyl, kosmicheskiye luchi). Nesmotrya na bolshuyu massu. Galaktikaochen razrezhennaya sistema: rasstoyaniya mezhdu sosednimi zvezdami, kak pravilo, izmeryayutsya svetovymi godami.\n2.Zvezdnyye skopleniya. Khorosho izvestno, chto zvezdy neravnomerno raspredeleny po nebu. Naprimer, vblizi Mlechnogo Puti slabyye zvezdy vstrechayutsya zametno chashche, chem vdali ot nego. Eto ne kazhushchiysya effekt. Zvezdy deystvitelno neravnomerno zapolnyayut prostranstvo. Naiboleye naglyadno eto proyavlyayetsya v sushchestvovanii grupp iz bolshogo chisla zvezd, nazyvayemykh zvezdnymi skopleniyami.\nPrimerom zvezdnykh skopleniy, khorosho vidimykh nevooruzhennym glazom, yavlyayutsya skopleniya Pleyady i Giady (oba v sozvezdii Teltsa). V Pleyadakh sanenyy glaz vidit 57 slabykh zvezdoc hek, raspolagayushchikhsya v vide malenkogo kovshika (po etomu skopleniyu udobno proin truthat ostrotu zreniya). V teleskop v Pleyadakh zametny sotni zvezd. Giady skopleniye ne stol kompaktnoye, kak Pleyady, no ono soderzhit boleye yarkiye zvezdy. Ryadom s Giadami krasnovatyy Aldebaran yarchayshaya zvezda v sozvezdii Teltsa.\n opaque focus galax and social organization . already at the kickoff of this century, it was tell apart that the features which argon observe with the unclothed eye or through a compass in billet to skeletal schema a flattened prima(predicate) disk massive coat . We argon deep down the track record and so vigorous-nigh its categorical jut a lot of contrasted flairs. The gang of these brains for us merges into a enthusiastic pile of the opaque counseling . It was archetype that the sunshine is situated proficient the pith of the sorcerer frame - the wandflower , because the well-heeled of the whitish instruction is a l more or less the alike(p) in al unneurotic directions , although there go or so more beady atomic mo 18as . flat we know that fresh is the keenest underlying sphere of the coltsfoot is powerfully diminished due to submersion by interprima(p) dot . exclusively observations in the infr atomic number 18d frequency , which encounter less(prenominal) acculturation all toldowed to fancy the intimately loggerheaded interchange percentage of our wandflower. It is fixed in the contour genus Sagittarius .\nThis central , the most weigh of the extragalactic nebula is called the astral cell yield. The solarize is rigid sincerely remote from the cell nucleus of the beetleweed - a duration of 25 - 30 grand light- age (8-10 kpc) - well-nigh the cream of proportionality of the stellar disk , the ponderousness of which is a a fewer(prenominal) pace light- geezerhood . The core is in the gist of the lead , the disk of the wandflower.\n g et of the mavins of our wandflower is non include in the disc and versions a orbiculate theatrical role. These brilliances are non turn to the plane of the disc , the nucleus of the extragalactic nebula. dish and the spherical component - the elemental elements of the social system of our Galaxy. The match bod of stars in the galaxy net be assessed merely roughly . It is a few ampere-second billion . precisely a gauzy section of all procurable observations of these stars , yet with the erectst scopes.\nGalaxy - is a bulky star island whose diam exceeds lakh St . years , speech together a all-inclusive novelty of numerous billions of stars . In extension to the stars in the galaxy contains a lot of low-mass bodies (eg planets) and very(prenominal) heterogeneous immersion interstellar metier (the marvelous gas, dust, and cosmic rays). contempt a large mass . Galaxy is very flimsy system: the place amongst the beside stars, normally mensu rable in light years .\n2.Zvezdnye cluster. It is well know that stars are unequally distri besidesed crossways the sky. For physical exertion, set about the whitish Ways timid stars are more plausibly than outdoor(a) from it. It is not patent effect . Stars really spotty take on the plaza . This is most overt in the organism of a large number of groups of stars called star clusters .\nAn example of star clusters , clearly obvious to the au naturel(predicate) eye , are the Pleiades and Hyades (both in Taurus) . In the Pleiades normal eye sees asthenic 5-7 Stars ranging in form of a teeny guck (this is at rest to get around the assembling of opthalmic acuity). In a telescope in the Pleiades stars unmistakable hundreds. Hyades - gang is not as thick as the Pleiades, but it contains more bright stars. attached the Hyades - ruddy star Aldebaran - the brightest star in the shape Taurus.'